Astro Physics Lesson from James 1:17 Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.

  The following information is a batch of 4 block quotes relating to a unique  series of words in James 1:17.The science of astronomy had not yet  emerged when this was written. The movements of the sun, moon, planets, and stars had not been understood well enough to build a planetarium that could  simulate those movements. https://www.azscience.org/attractions/dorrance-planetarium/Imagine a gift coming down from the Father of Lights. Read on and you will know a little more about the four words translated  "nor shadow of  turning." 

16 (WuestNT)   Stop being deceived, my brethren, beloved ones. Every good gift  and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of the lights,  with whom there can be no variableness nor shadow  which is cast by the motion of turning. In accordance with His  deliberate purpose He brought us into being by means of the word of truth,  resulting in our being a kind of first fruits of His creatures.[1] 












The Complete Word Study Dictionary τροπή  [See Stg: <G5157>] tropé;  gen. tropés,  fem. noun from trépō  (n.f., see anatrépō <G396>), to  turn. A turning, turning back as of the  heavenly bodies in their courses (James 1:17; Sept.: Deut. 33:14; Job 38:33). [2]


   







Variation  (parallagē).  Old word from parallassō,  to make things alternate, here only in N.T. In Aristeas in sense of alternate  stones in pavements. Dio Cassius has parallaxis  without reference to the modern astronomical parallax, though James here is  comparing God (Father of the lights) to the sun (Malachi 4:2), which  does have periodic variations.   Shadow that  is cast by turning (tropēs  aposkiasma). Tropē  is an old word for "turning"  (from trepō  to turn), here only in N.T. Aposkiasma  is a late and rare word (aposkiasmos  in Plutarch) from aposkiazō  (apo,  skia)  a shade cast by one object on another. It is not clear what the precise metaphor  is, whether the shadow thrown on the  dial (aposkiazō  in Plato) or the borrowed light of the moon lost to  us as it goes behind the earth. In fact, the text is by no means  certain, for Aleph B papyrus of fourth century actually read hē  tropēs aposkiasmatos (the variation of the turning of the shadow). Ropes argues strongly for this reading, and rather  convincingly. At any rate there is no such periodic  variation in God like that we see in the heavenly bodies.[3] 


TURNING
trope (τροπή, 5157), used especially of the revolution of the heavenly orbs (akin to trepo, “to turn”), occurs in Jas. 1:17, “(neither shadow) that is cast by turning,” RV (KJV, “of turning”). For a more detailed treatment of the passage, see SHADOW, No. 2.¶[4]














     In conclusion The Father of the lights gives every good and every  perfect gift, and He has the attribute of being without variableness like the  sun, moon, planets and stars, those lights we can observe from earth. This is a  good thing, it is re-assuring. I found out about this when reading James chapter  1 out of WuestNT, which was more specific about it than most of the other  translations I had read.
Appendix   Bibliography
[1] (WuestNT) Wuest, K. S. (1961). The New Testament: an expanded translation. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.[2]THE COMPLETE WORD STUDY DICTIONARY: NEW TESTAMENT Based on the lexicon of Edward Robinson (as revised by Alexander Negris and John Duncan), with constant reference to and citations from the works of John Parkhurst and Hermann Cremer. Greek words in the text are transliterated and coded throughout according to the numbering system found in James Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible. General Editor Spiros Zodhiates, Th.D. Managing Editor Warren Baker, D.R.E. Associate Editor Rev. George Hadjiantoniou, Ph.D.  Copyrights The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament Copyright © 1992 By AMG International, Inc. Revised edition, 1993. All rights reserved. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. Electronic Edition STEP Files Copyright © 2005, QuickVerse. All rights reserved.  The Complete Word Study Dictionary  – New Testament.[3] Robertson, A.M., D.D., LL.D., Litt. D., Archibald Thomas. Word Pictures in the New Testament.. Nashville, TN: Broadman Press, 1930. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.

[4]Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Vol. 2, p. 647). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson.






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The dilemma has cosmic significance

I have been surfing on https://biblia.com/books/message/Eph1.3 and I happened to see this apparent translation into English project. Notice in the block of text below how he translates (κόσμου 2889) kosmos to be the more localized earth. 

The God of Glory

Eph.1:3(MESSAGE) 

                    3–6  How blessed is God! And what a blessing he is! He’s the Father of our Master, Jesus Christ, and takes us to the high places of blessing in him. Long before he laid down earth’s foundations, he had us in mind, had settled on us as the focus of his love, to be made whole and holy by his love. Long, long ago he decided to adopt us into his family through Jesus Christ. (What pleasure he took in planning this!) He wanted us to enter into the celebration of his lavish gift-giving by the hand of his beloved Son.[1] 

Now look at the Wuest NT at the same place (he translates (κόσμου 2889) kosmos to be the more pervasive universe, 

• “even as He selected us out for himself in Him before the foundations of the universe were laid”[2]

My preferred word for this is universe, not earth. I think the writer used (κόσμου 2889) kosmos* here for a reason.

*kosmos (κόσμος, *2889), “a harmonious arrangement or order,” then, “adornment, decoration,” came to denote “the world, or the universe, as that which is divinely arranged.” The meaning “adorning” is found in 1 Pet. 3:3. Elsewhere it signifies “the world.” Cf. kosmios, decent, modest, 1 Tim. 2:9; 1 Tim 3:2. See WORLD.[3]




Moving on to Eph 2:2 where we see

(κόσμου 2889) kosmos again...

In the Greek Interlinear NT with the NRSV Eph.2:1-2(NRSV), is:

From Death to Life

2

•

You

were

dead

through

the

trespasses

•

and

sins

Kai

hymas

ontas

nekrous

tois

paraptōmasin

hymōn

kai

tais hamartiais

kai

sy

eimi

nekros

o

piptō

sy

kai

o amartanō

2532

5209

5607

3498

3588

3900

5216

2532

3588 266

2

in

which

you

once

lived

,

following

the

course

of

this

world

en

hais

pote

periepatēsate

kata

ton

aiōna

toutou

tou kosmou

en

os

pou

pateō

kata

o

aiōn

outos

o kosmos

1722

3739

4218

4043

2596

3588

165*

5127

3588 2889*

 

following

the

ruler

of

the

power

of

the

air

,

the

spirit

that

is

now

kata

ton

archonta

tēs

exousias

tou

aeros

tou

pneumatos

nyn

kata

o

archō

o

ousia

o

aēr

o

pneuma

nyn

2596

3588

758

3588

at

work

among

those

who

are

disobedient

.[4]

tou energountos

en

tois huiois

tēs apeitheias

o ergon

en

o uios

o peithō

3588 1754

1722

3588 5207

3588 543

* aion (αἰών, *165), “an age, era” (to be connected with aei, “ever,” rather than with ao, “to breathe”), signifies a period of indefinite duration, or time viewed in relation to what takes place in the period.
The force attaching to the word is not so much that of the actual length of a period, but that of a period marked by spiritual or moral characteristics. This is illustrated in the use of the adjective [see Note (1) below] in the phrase “life eternal,” in John 17:3, in respect of the increasing knowledge of God.
The phrases containing this word should not be rendered literally, but consistently with its sense of indefinite duration. Thus eis ton aiona does not mean “unto the age” but “for ever” (see, e.g., Heb. 5:6). The Greeks contrasted that which came to an end with that which was expressed by this phrase, which shows that they conceived of it as expressing interminable duration.
The word occurs most frequently in the Gospel of John, the Hebrews and Revelation. It is sometimes wrongly rendered “world.” See COURSE, ETERNAL, WORLD. It is a characteristic word of John’s gospel.[5]
*kosmos (κόσμος, *2889), “a harmonious arrangement or order,” then, “adornment, decoration,” came to denote “the world, or the universe, as that which is divinely arranged.” The meaning “adorning” is found in 1 Pet. 3:3. Elsewhere it signifies “the world.” Cf. kosmios, decent, modest, 1 Tim. 2:9; 1 Tim 3:2. See WORLD.[6]

You are welcome to have your own opinion about the above project, but at least consider my observations.  Thank you for taking your time to consider this.

[1]Scripture taken from THE MESSAGE. Copyright © 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002. Used by permission of NavPress Publishing Group.

[2] Wuest, K. S. (1961). The New Testament: an expanded translation (Eph 1:3–14). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.

[3]Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament
    Words (Vol. 2, p. 685). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson.

[4]The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version. (1989). Eph 2:1–2(NRSV). Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers. 


[5]Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Vol. 2, p. 14). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson. 
  
[6]Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Vol. 2, p. 685). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson.

Brought to you by  https://reader222.blogspot.com a fan of  Amadeo Church 21805 S Ellsworth Rd #102, Queen Creek, AZ 85142, USA Support this blog by patronizing Amazon for your Photography Arts and Crafts: shop using the link here Photography as arts and crafts Support this blog by patronizing Amazon for your Arts and Crafts: shop using the link here Arts and Crafts Support this blog by patronizing Amazon for your Popular Christian Books and Bibles on using the link here Popular Christian Books and Bibles on Amazon