Comparisons between Newman, Barclay, The Complete Word Study Bible and Strongs for well known Greek words

Comparisons two words, 7 books  equals 7 definitions. Vines opted out of defining περί pĕri, per-ee otherwise there would have been 8 books and 8 definitions

ἐπί prep. with: (1) gen. on, upon; over; at, by; before, in the presence of; when, under, at the time of; in the passage about (; ); ἐπί or ἐπί στοματος on the evidence of (; ; ); (2) dat. on, at, in; with, by near; over; because of, on the basis of; to, for; against; in addition to; about, concerning; of, from (rarely); after (); (3) acc. on, upon; 68 in; against; over; to, for; around, about, concerning; towards; among (rarely); ἐπί τὸ αὐτο together; ἐφ ᾿ ὅσον χρόνον while, as long as; ἐπὶ τοῦτο for this purpose () Newman, Barclay [1]

1909.      ἐπί ĕpi, ep-ee´; a primary prep.; prop. mean. superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution [with the gen.], i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dat.) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the acc.) toward, upon, etc.:— about (the times), above, after, against, among, as long as (touching), at, beside, × have charge of, (be-, [where-])fore, in (a place, as much as, the time of, -to), (because) of, (up-) on (behalf of), over, (by, for) the space of, through (-out), (un-) to (-ward), with. In compounds it retains essentially the same import, at, upon, etc. (lit. or fig.). Strong, J [2]

10. epeimi (ἐπί, 1909 and ἐπί, 1510), “to come upon,” or, of time, “to come on or after” (epi, “upon,” and eimi, “to go”), is used in the present participle as an adjective, in reference to a day, in Acts 7:26; 16:11; 20:15; 21:18; a night, 23:11, RV, “following,” in each place (KJV, “next”).¶ Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. [3]

G1909. ἐπί epi; prep. governing the gen., dat., and acc. On, upon.

(I) With the gen.:

(A) Of place, in a great variety of relations which may, however, be understood under the two leading ideas of rest upon, on, in, and of motion upon, to, towards. (1) Of place where, after words implying rest, upon, on, in (a) Generally and followed by the gen. of place (Matt. 4:6; 9:2, 6; 16:19; 18:19; 21:19, “upon the way” [a.t.], i.e., by the wayside; 24:30; 27:19; Mark 8:4, 6 “on [or in] the desert” [a.t.]; 14:51; Luke 4:29; 5:18; 12:3; 22:21, “on the table,” 30, “of the things upon my table” [a.t.] or “at my table”; John 6:19, “walking on the lake” [a.t.]; 19:31; 20:7; 21:1, “on the shore of the lake” [a.t.]; Acts 8:28; 20:9, “in a window”; 21:40; James 5:5; Rev. 1:17, 20, “on [or in] the hollow of my hand” [a.t.]; 4:9; 5:10, 13, “on the bottom of the sea” [a.t.], “in the deep” [a.t.]; 7:3; 10:1; 19:19; 20:11; Sept.: 2 Kings 2:7; Dan. 8:2). Metaphorically (Matt. 18:16; Mark 12:26; Luke 20:37, “on [or in] the passage [section] of the bush” [a.t. (cf. Rom. 11:2)]). (See en [G1722, I, A]) Followed by the gen. of person (Acts 21:23, “have a vow on them”). (b) In the sense of before, in the presence of, chiefly judges, witnesses, as to stand before a court (Matt. 28:14; Mark 13:9; Acts 23:30; 24:19, 20; 25:9, 10, 26; 26:2; 1 Cor. 6:1, 6; 1 Tim. 6:13). Generally (2 Cor. 7:14, “our boasting … before Titus”). (2) Of place, whither, after words implying motion or direction, upon, to, toward, with subsequent rest upon (Matt. 26:12; Mark 4:26; 9:20; 14:35; Luke 8:16; John 6:2, “which he did upon” [a.t.], to or on the sick, in the case of the sick; 6:21, “at the land,” i.e., on the shore; 19:19; 21:11; Acts 5:30; Sept.: Gen. 40:19; Acts 10:11; Heb. 6:7; James 5:17; Rev. 10:2; 13:16). Figuratively, upon the hearts (Heb. 8:10; 10:16; Sept.: Job 17:16).

(B) Of time, when at a time, meaning on, at, in, during (Heb. 1:2; 2 Pet. 3:3); as marked by contemporary persons or events (Matt. 1:11; Mark 2:26; Luke 3:2; 4:27; Acts 11:28, “in the days of,” i.e., under; Sept.: Zech. 1:1). Of actions as specifying time, e.g., in my prayers, i.e., when I pray (Rom. 1:9; Eph. 1:16; Phile. 1:4).

(C) Metaphorically spoken of: (1) Dignity, authority, upon, over (Matt. 2:22, “over Judea” [a.t.]; Acts 8:27; 12:20; Rom. 9:5; Eph. 4:6; Rev. 2:26, “I shall give authority upon [or over] the nations” [a.t.]; 9:11; 17:18; 20:6; Sept: Gen. 44:1, 4). With the verb kathistēmi (G2525), to appoint, followed by epi (Matt. 24:45; Luke 12:14; Acts 6:3; Sept.: Gen. 39:5). (2) A subject of discourse, on, of, concerning, only after verbs of speech, writing (Gal. 3:16). (3) Manner, where epi with a gen. is used periphrastically for an adv., e.g., epʼ alētheias (the gen. of alētheia (G225)), truth (literally, upon the truth), i.e., of a truth, truly, equal to alēthōs (G230), truly, verily (Mark 12:14, 32; Luke 4:25; Acts 4:27; 10:34; Sept.: Job 9:2; 19:4; Dan. 2:47).

(II) With a dat.:

(A) Place in the same sense and circumstances as epi with the gen. so that the Greek poets often used the gen. and dat. interchangeably, while in prose the dat. is more usual. (1) After words implying rest, upon, on, in (Matt. 14:8, 11, “upon a plate” [a.t.]; Mark 2:4; 4:38; 6:39, 55; 11:7; Luke 12:44; 21:6; John 11:38; Acts 27:44; Rev. 19:14); implying close proximity, contact, upon, at, close by (Matt. 24:33; John 4:6, “by the fountain” [a.t.], i.e., on the side of the well; 5:2; Acts 3:10, 11; 5:9; Rev. 21:12). Followed by the dat. pl. of person, i.e., with, among (Acts 28:14; 2 Cor. 7:7). (2) After words implying motion or direction whither or where, upon, to, toward, and including the idea of subsequent rest upon. (a) Generally (Matt. 9:16; 16:18; Mark 2:21; 5:33; John 8:7; Acts 5:35; 8:16; Eph. 2:10). Metaphorically (Sept.: Job 29:9). (b) Metaphorically, of a direction of mind meaning toward someone, e.g., in a friendly sense (Luke 18:7; 2 Cor. 9:14; Sept.: 2 Sam. 14:1); a hostile sense, against (Luke 12:52, 53; Rev. 12:17).

(B) Of time, meaning when, chiefly as marking a definite period of time, upon, at, in. (1) Generally (2 Cor. 3:14, “in the reading,” or whenever it is read; Phil. 1:3, “as often as I think of you” [a.t.], or at every mention; Heb. 9:15, during the first covenant or while it was in force; 9:26, at the consummation or completion of the ages, of time as we know it, of the dispensation of grace); as implying merely coexistence in time (2 Cor. 7:4, “in [during, under] all our tribulation”; Eph. 4:26, “during your wrath” [a.t.], i.e., while it continues). (2) In the sense of “after,” immediately following upon (John 4:27, “upon this,” thereupon; Acts 11:19, immediately after the persecution … about Stephen).

(C) Metaphorically spoken of: (1) Power, authority, care over (Matt. 24:47; Luke 12:44). (2) Accession or addition, upon or unto something already mentioned or implied, besides (Matt. 25:20, 22; Luke 3:20; 16:26, “besides all this” [a.t.]; Eph. 6:16; Phil. 2:27; Col. 3:14; Heb. 8:1). (3) That upon which something rests as a basis, foundation, support. (a) Generally (Matt. 4:4; Luke 4:4, “to live upon” [a.t.], i.e., to sustain or support life upon, quoted from Deut. 8:3). After words implying hope, trust, confidence upon or in any person or thing (Mark 10:24; Luke 11:22; 24:25; Acts 2:26, “shall rest in [or upon] hope”; 14:3, “speaking boldly in [trusting upon] the Lord”; Rom. 4:18; 8:20; 15:12; 1 Tim. 6:17; Titus 1:2; 1 Pet. 2:6). Epi used with the dat. of onoma (G3686), name, in the phrase epi tō onomati, in or upon the name, followed by a gen. noun denoting attribution, i.e., to do anything based upon trust in someone’s name and power, causing the enhancement of that person’s character (Matt. 18:5, “as resting upon [or professing] my name” [a.t.], as a Christian; 24:5; Mark 9:37; Luke 9:48, 49, “casting out devils in [or upon] thy name,” i.e., resting the efficacy of their exorcism upon “thy name”; 24:47; Acts 2:38, “be baptized upon the name of Christ” [a.t.], i.e., the baptism being grounded upon the profession of His name; 4:17, 18, “to teach in [upon] the name of Jesus” means resting upon His name, upon Him as the ultimate Teacher and Author; 5:28, 40; Sept.: Deut. 18:20). (b) Of the subject of an action in reference to (Mark 6:52, wrought upon the loaves). Of discourse on, about, concerning (Luke 23:38; John 12:16; Heb. 11:4; Rev. 10:11; 22:16). (c) Of a condition, law, sanction upon or under which something takes place (1 Cor. 9:10; Heb. 7:11; 8:6, “under the sanction of” [a.t.]; 9:17, “a testament is only valid the testator being dead” [a.t.]; 10:28, “was put to death under two or three witnesses” [a.t. (cf. Deut. 17:6; 19:15)]). (d) Of the ground, motive or cause of some action upon or at, i.e., on account of, because of (Matt. 19:9; Luke 2:20; 5:5; Acts 3:16; 4:21; 26:6; 1 Cor. 1:4; 8:11; 2 Cor. 9:15). Followed by the dat. of person epʼ autois, upon them (Acts 21:24). With the relative pron. ephʼ hō for epi toutō hoti, on this account that, because (Rom. 5:12; 2 Cor. 5:4; Phil. 4:10). (e) Of the occasion upon, at, in connection with which something takes place; upon, at, over, after words of emotion such as joy, sorrow, compassion, astonishment (Matt. 7:28, “they were astonished at his teaching” [a.t.]; 14:14; 18:13; 22:33; Mark 3:5; 6:34; 10:22, 24; Luke 1:14, 29, 47; 5:9; 9:43; 15:7; 19:41; Acts 3:12; 8:2; James 5:1; Rev. 11:10; 18:9, 11). Of the occasion of penitence and shame (Rom. 6:21; 2 Cor. 12:21). (f) Of the object, purpose, end of any action, upon, unto, for (Gal. 5:13; Phil. 3:12; 1 Thess. 4:7; 2 Tim. 2:14). Also Acts 15:14 [TR], where later editions omit epi; hence, ephʼ hō (hō, the dat. neut. sing. of the relative pron. hos [G3739], which) for what, wherefore (Matt. 26:50 [TR], for which others have ephʼ ho). (g) Of the norm or model upon or to which anything is adjusted or conformed, upon, after, according to (Luke 1:59; Sept.: Ezra 2:61; Neh. 7:63). In 2 Cor. 9:6; epʼ eulogias used as an adv. meaning bountifully or according to God’s blessing or intervention (see eulogia (G2129), blessing).

(III) With the acc.:

(A) Of place, and generally combining the ideas of rest and motion upon. Sometimes, however, the idea of motion upon is more prominent, and rarely, rest upon. (1) As implying rest and motion combined, where it marks an extension or spreading out upon or over something, a stretching or spreading out in various directions, distribution upon, over, among; hence, particularly throughout, or else simply upon, over, at, among, the direction of the implied motion being determined by the adjuncts. (a) Generally (Matt. 10:34; 13:2, “stood [or had stationed themselves] on the shore”; 14:19, 26, 28, 29; 15:35; 18:12, about or “upon the mountains” [a.t.]; 19:28; 22:9; 24:16; 27:45; Mark 4:38, “stretched upon” [a.t.]; Luke 5:36; John 9:6; Acts 7:11; 21:5; Rev. 2:17; 4:4, “along upon the row [or circle] of thrones” [a.t.]; 7:1; 15:2; 20:4, 9; 21:5). With the acc. pl. of person, upon, over, toward all of whom (Matt. 5:45; 12:49; Acts 19:12; Rev. 14:6 in some editions). (b) Where the motion is directed to a higher place, implying elevation or placing upon, i.e., up upon, up over, up to, out upon, or simply upon, over (Matt. 4:5; 5:23; 9:18; 13:48; 21:5; 27:29; Mark 8:25; 10:16; 11:2; 15:22; Luke 5:11, 19; 8:27; Acts 17:19; 20:13; 27:43, 44; Rom. 12:20); of a yoke or burden taken up and placed upon someone (Matt. 11:29; Acts 15:10). Metaphorically, of burdens (Matt. 23:4); of a covenant (Heb. 8:8); of fear, evil, guilt or punishment which come upon someone as a burden, as something laid upon one; so also after ginomai (G1096), to be; eperchomai (G1904), to come upon; erchomai (G2064), to come; epipiptō (G1968), to fall into, lie on, press upon (Matt. 23:35, 36; Luke 1:12, 65; 21:34, 35; John 3:36; 18:4; Acts 5:28; 8:1; 13:11; 18:6; Rom. 1:18; 15:3; 1 Pet. 5:7). Similarly of good, prosperity (Matt. 10:13; Luke 10:6; Acts 4:33; Rom. 3:22; Gal. 6:16). Of a lot, i.e., anything imposed by lot (Acts 1:26; Sept.: Lev. 16:9; Jon. 1:9). (c) Where the motion is directed to a lower place (Matt. 10:29, “upon the earth” [a.t.]; 13:5, 7; 21:44; 26:7; Luke 22:44; Acts 2:3; Rev. 8:10; 16:2). Metaphorically, of the divine Spirit or power descending and abiding upon someone (Matt. 3:16; 12:18; Luke 1:35; 2:25; 24:49; 2 Cor. 12:9; Rev. 7:15). (2) Of place meaning whither, implying motion upon, to or toward a place or object as a limit, aim, end, with subsequent rest thereupon. (a) Particularly and generally, e.g., after piptō (G4098), to fall; epipiptō (G1968), to fall into or upon, as to fall upon the face, meaning forward (Matt. 26:39; Luke 5:12; 9:62; 15:20, “fell on his neck”; John 21:20; Acts 10:25, “at his feet”; Phil. 3:14; Rev. 7:11). After verbs of going, coming, conducting, collecting, equivalent to pros (G4314), toward, with the acc. (Matt. 3:13, “upon the Jordan” [a.t.], i.e., to the region of Jordan; 5:23; 12:28; 27:27; Mark 11:13: Luke 24:24; John 6:16; Acts 1:21; 21:32, 35; 2 Thess. 2:1; 2 Tim. 4:4; Heb. 6:1; Rev. 7:17). To gather together or upon or at the same place (Matt. 22:34; Acts 4:26; 1 Cor. 7:5; 11:20). Of judges, tribunals, upon, unto, i.e., up before (Matt. 10:18; Luke 12:11, 58; Acts 16:19). Of an oracle, miracle, testimony, upon, unto (Luke 3:2; Acts 4:22; 2 Thess. 1:10; Sept.: 1 Chr. 22:8). As implying accession, addition (Matt. 6:27; Rev. 22:18). (b) Where the motion or direction expressed by epi, upon, implies an affection of the mind for, i.e., favorable, kindly (Luke 1:48; 9:38; 1 Pet. 3:12, “are directed upon” [a.t.], quoted from Ps. 34:16 [cf. 31:8]), or against as disfavor upon or against (Acts 4:29; 1 Pet. 3:12, “as directed against” [a.t.], quoted from Ps. 34:17); in a hostile sense (Matt. 10:21; Luke 14:31; 22:52, 53; John 13:18; Acts 7:57; 13:50, 51; 19:16; 2 Cor. 10:2; 2 Thess. 2:4; Sept.: Gen. 16:12). Metaphorically, of conduct or testimony against someone (Mark 10:11; Luke 9:5); in an imprecation (2 Cor. 1:23). (c) Figuratively, of measure or extent, upon or unto, i.e., up to, about. Ephʼ hoson ([G3745], the acc. of hosos), soever, meaning insofar as, inasmuch as (Matt. 25:40; Rom. 11:13); epi pleion (G4119), more, further on, further, the more (Acts 4:17; 2 Tim. 2:16; 3:9). (d) Rarely of place, where, after words signifying rest, upon, on, in or at, where the idea of previous motion, upon, is implied (Rev. 5:1, “in [upon] his right hand”; 20:1). After verbs of sitting or standing, upon, at, by (Matt. 9:9; Acts 10:17; 11:11; 14:10; 26:16, “stand upon thy feet”; Rev. 3:20; 8:3; 11:11). Epi to auto, literally upon the same place, as an adv., together (Luke 17:35; Acts 1:15).

(B) Of time meaning how long, during, for (Luke 4:25; Acts 13:31; 18:20; 19:8, 10; Heb. 11:30). Epi chronon (the acc. of chronos [G5550]), time, for a time (Luke 18:4). Ephʼ hoson chronon, so long as (Rom. 7:1; Gal. 4:1). Without chronos (Matt. 9:15); ephʼ hikanon ((G2425) the acc. of hikanos, sufficient, with chronon, time implied), meaning a long while, long (Acts 20:11). As an adv., epi polu (G4183), much, meaning long (Acts 28:6); epi pleion (G4119), more, meaning longer, further (Acts 20:9; 24:4). Implying a term or limit of time upon the coming of which anything is done or assigned, upon, at, about (Mark 15:1; Luke 10:35; Acts 3:1); joined with an adv. in later usage, e.g., epi tris (G5151), three times, up to thrice (Acts 10:16; 11:10).

(C) Metaphorically spoken of: (1) Power, authority, care over, over, upon (Luke 1:33; 2:8, “over their flock”; 9:1; 10:19; Acts 7:10; Rom. 5:14; Heb. 2:7; 3:6; Rev. 13:7; Sept.: Gen. 39:5). (2) Accession or addition, upon, over (Phil. 2:27 [TR], has epi with a dat.). (3) An object or substratum, upon, over, in respect to which anything is done, felt, directed. (a) Of the subject of an action or discourse, upon, over, in respect to (Mark 15:24; 1 Cor. 7:36; James 5:14, “let them pray over him,” i.e., in his behalf, perhaps in allusion to posture). Of a subject of discourse or writing, upon, of, concerning (Mark 9:12, 13; Rom. 4:9; 1 Tim. 1:18; Heb. 7:13; Sept.: Jer. 25:13). (b) Of that on which the mind, heart or feelings are directed in kindness, upon, over, toward (Matt. 14:14; 15:32; Luke 6:35; Rom. 9:23; 11:22; Eph. 2:7; Sept.: Gen. 47:29); in hostility, against (Matt. 12:26; Mark 3:26; Luke 11:17; Acts 7:54). Of the object of trust, confidence, hope (Matt. 27:43; Acts 9:42; 11:17; Rom. 4:5; 2 Cor. 2:3; 1 Tim. 5:5; Heb. 6:1; 1 Pet. 1:13; 3:5). Of the occasion or object upon or over which joy or sorrow is felt (Luke 23:28; Rev. 1:7; 18:20 [TR]; Sept.: Ps. 32:11; Isa. 61:10; Zech. 12:10). (c) Of that on which the will or intention is directed, the end, purpose or aim of an action, upon, for, for the sake of, after (Matt. 3:7, “in order to be baptized” [a.t.]; 26:55; Luke 7:44, “water for my feet”; 15:4; 23:48). Of a result (2 Tim. 3:13; Heb. 12:10). (d) Spoken of persons, upon or over whom a name is called, who are called by that name, implying property, relationship (Acts 15:17, quoted from Amos 9:12; James 2:7; Sept.: 2 Sam. 12:28; Jer. 14:9).

(IV) In composition epi implies:

(A) Motion upon, toward, against, as epagō (G1863), to bring upon; eperchomai (G1904), to come upon, to attack, influence.

(B) Rest upon, over, at, as epechō (G1907), to hold upon; epanapauomai (G1879), to rest upon.

(C) Accession, addition, as episunagō (G1996), to gather together in one place; epaiteō (G1871), to ask for.

(D) Succession, as epitassō (G2004), to arrange upon or to charge, command.

(E) Repetition or renewal as epanorthōsis (G1882), rectification, a straightening up again. Very often the prep. epi in composition cannot be expressed in Eng. and should be taken simply as an intens. such as epideiknumi (G1925), to exhibit; epilanthanomai (G1950), to neglect, forget. Zodhiates, Spiros [4]

περί prep. with: (1) gen. about, concerning, of, with reference to; for; on account of ( π. ἁμαρτίας often sin offering); (2) acc. around, about; near; of, with reference to, regarding ( οἱ π. τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάται workmen of the same trade ; τὰ π. ἐμέ how I stand ); with, in company with   Newman, Barclay [5]

4012.      περί pĕri, per-ee´; from the base of 4008; prop. through (all over), i.e. around; fig. with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the gen. denoting the subject or occasion or superlative point; with the acc. the locality, circuit, matter, circumstance or general period):— (there-) about, above, against, at, on behalf of, × and his company, which concern, (as) concerning, for, × how it will go with, ([there-, where-]) of, on, over, pertaining (to), for sake, × (e-) state, (as) touching, [where-] by (in), with. In composition it retains substantially the same meaning of circuit (around), excess (beyond), or completeness (through). Strong, J [6]

G4012. περί peri; a prep. which, in the NT, governs the gen. and acc. Around, about or of, in the sense of concerning or regarding. (I) With a gen. where it expresses the central point from which an action proceeds or from which it is exerted. In John 19:24, it is used with this sense, “but cast lots for it,” i.e., in regard to it. In Acts 25:18, peri hou stathentes can mean “standing about him” (a.t.), making it to agree with the verb periestēsan (Acts 25:7), “stood round about,” from periistēmi (G4026). It is more natural, however, to take peri hou, with which verse eighteen begins, as referring to what follows: “they brought none accusation,” in which case peri means “concerning whom they could not bring an accusation” (a.t.). In the NT, peri can mean about, concerning, in respect to. (A) Where the gen. denotes the obj. about which the action is exerted, as in Eng., to speak or hear about or of a thing. With a verb of speaking, asking, teaching, writing, e.g., legō (G3004), to say (Matt. 11:7; 21:45); eipon, said, the aor. of epō (G2036) (Matt. 17:13; John 1:30; 7:39); laleō (G2980), to speak (Luke 2:17, 33, 38); erōtaō (G2065), to ask (Luke 9:45; John 18:19); didaskō (G1321), teach (1 John 2:27); graphō (G1125), write (Matt. 11:10; John 5:46). See also Matt. 12:36; John 1:7, 8; 6:41; Acts 1:1, 16; 7:52; 1 Cor 1:11; 1 Tim. 1:7. After nouns of like meaning, where the simple gen. might usually stand (Luke 4:14, 37; Acts 11:22; 25:16; Rom. 1:3; Heb. 5:11). With verbs of hearing, learning, knowing: akouō (G191), to hear (Mark 5:27; Luke 7:3; 9:9); katēcheō (G2727), to inform, instruct (Acts 21:21, 24); epistamai (G1987), to understand (Acts 26:26); gnōston … estin (gnōstos (G1110), known; estin, from eimi (G1510), is), it is known (Acts 28:22). With verbs of inquiring, deliberating, doubting, and the like: zēteō (G2212), to seek (John 16:19); exetazō (G1833), inquire, search (Matt. 2:8); punthanomai (G4441), to ascertain (Acts 23:20); enthumeomai (G1760), to remember, ponder, think (Acts 10:19); dialogizomai (G1260), to deliberate, think through (Luke 3:15); diaporeō (G1280), to be perplexed (Luke 24:4; Acts 5:24); dokeō (G1380) to think (Matt. 22:42). With nouns such as zētēsis (G2214), dispute, question (John 3:25; Acts 18:15). (B) Where the gen. expresses the ground, motive or occasion of the action, meaning on account of, because of, for. (1) Generally with verbs of reproving, accusing, being tried, with the gen. of thing: elegchō (G1651), to rebuke, reprove (Luke 3:19; John 8:46; 16:8); egkaleō (G1458), to accuse legally (Acts 19:40; 26:2); katēgoreō (G2723), to accuse (Acts 24:13); krinomai (G2919), to be judged (Acts 23:6). After verbs expressing an attitude of the mind: splagchnizomai (G4697), to have compassion for (Matt. 9:36); aganakteō (G23) to be indignant (Matt. 20:24; Mark 10:41); thaumazō (G2296), to wonder (Luke 2:18); kauchaomai (G2744), to boast (2 Cor. 10:8). After words of thanksgiving: as eucharisteō (G2168), to thank (1 Cor. 1:4; 1 Thess. 1:2; 2 Thess. 2:13); eucharistian … antapodounai (eucharistia (G2169), thanksgiving; antapodidōmi (G467), to render), to render thanks (1 Thess. 3:9). After ou melei soi (ou [G3756], not; melō (G3199), concern; soi [G4671], thee), it does not concern thee (Matt. 22:16; Mark 12:14). With merimnaō (G3309), to be anxious about (Matt. 6:28; Luke 12:26). Generally with various verbs and nouns (Matt. 16:11; Mark 1:44; Luke 2:27; John 10:33, “concerning a good work” [author’s translation]; Acts 19:24, “casts lots about it” [author’s translation]; Acts 15:2; 19:23, “there arose no small stir about that way”; Col. 2:1). (2) Where the action is exerted in favor of the person or thing denoted by the gen., meaning on account of, in behalf of, for (Matt. 4:6; Luke 22:32; John 16:26; Eph. 6:18; Phile. 1:10; Heb. 11:40; 1 Pet. 5:7). After verbs of offering sacrifice, for example, one’s life, meaning in behalf of (Matt. 26:28; Mark 14:24; Heb. 5:3). (3) Where the action is exerted “against” a person or thing, with the gen. of person after words of accusation (Acts 25:15 [cf. 25:2]; Acts 25:18 [cf. 25:27]). In the phrase peri tēs hamartias, in the pl. peri hamartiōn (hamartia (G266), sin), meaning on account of sin, for sin, for the purpose of doing away with or expiating sin (Rom. 8:3; 1 Pet. 3:18). “Offering for sin” (Heb. 10:18 [cf. 10:26]); “whose blood is brought … for sin” (Heb. 13:11); “propitiation for our sins” (1 John 2:2; 4:10); “for sin,” with a sacrifice being understood (Heb. 10:6 quoted from Ps. 40:6 [cf. Lev. 5:8; 9:10; 2 Chr. 29:24]). (C) Where there is only a more general reference or allusion to the person or thing denoted by the gen., meaning as to, touching, in relation to. (1) Generally (Matt. 18:19; Luke 11:53; John 9:18; 11:19; 15:22; Acts 28:21; Rom. 15:14; 1 Cor. 7:37; Col. 4:10; Heb. 11:20). (2) Used in an absolute sense, usually at the beginning of a sentence (Matt. 22:31, “as touching [concerning] the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read”; Mark 12:26; Acts 28:22; 1 Cor. 7:1, 25; 8:1, 4; 12:1; 1 Thess. 4:9, 13; 5:1). (3) With the neut. pl. art. and the gen. of thing, meaning the things relating or pertaining to something, as the things concerning the kingdom of God (Acts 1:3; 8:12; 19:8). Followed by the gen. of person meaning one’s circumstances, state, cause (Luke 22:37; 24:19, 27; Acts 23:11, 15; Eph. 6:22; Phil. 1:27; Col. 4:8). (D) By implication from the primary idea of surrounding and including, in the phrase peri pantōn (pantōn, gen. pl. of pas [G3956], all things), including all and hence above all. However, peri with such a literal meaning is not found in the NT or Sept. Thus in 3 John 1:2, due to the latter clause, “I wish that thou mayest prosper as to all things [external], even as thy soul prospers” (a.t.). (II) With the acc., where the acc. then expresses the obj. around or about which something moves or comes, and also finally remains. (A) Of place, around or about, meaning the place to which, after a verb of motion (Luke 13:8, “till I shall dig about [around] it”). More frequently of place where, implying the coming and remaining around, followed by the acc. of thing (Matt. 3:4; Mark 9:42; Rev. 15:6). Followed by the acc. of person (Matt. 8:18, “around him” [a.t.]; Mark 3:32, 34; Acts 22:6). With the art. hoi, hai, ta, and the acc. of place (Mark 3:8, “they about Tyre and Sidon,” i.e., those dwelling in and around these cities; Acts 28:7, in the parts around, environs [cf. Jude 1:7]). Hoi peri followed by the acc. of person, a person and his followers (Mark 4:10; Luke 22:49; John 11:19; Acts 13:13). (B) Figuratively of that about which an action is exerted, meaning about, concerning, respecting, peri with the gen.: (1) Of a matter or business about which one is occupied (Luke 10:41, referring to Martha who was “preoccupied about much ministry” [a.t.]; Acts 19:25, meaning workmen engaged in the same occupation; 1 Tim. 6:4). (2) Generally meaning as to, touching (1 Tim. 1:19; 6:21; 2 Tim. 2:18; 3:8; Titus 2:7). (3) With the neut. pl. art., ta peri eme (eme (G1691), my), meaning my circumstances, affairs, state (Phil. 2:23). (C) Of time, i.e., of a point of time not entirely definite, i.e., “about” (Matt. 20:3, “about the third hour”; Matt. 20:5, 6, 9; 27:46; Mark 6:48; Acts 10:9; 22:6). (III) In composition in the NT peri implies: (A) A moving, being, spreading around on all sides, as periballō (G4016), to throw around; periblepō (G4017), to look around; periechō (G4023), to include, contain. (B) Generally used for emphasis denoting a completeness or strengthening of the simple idea meaning completely, very, exceedingly, as perilupos (G4036), exceedingly grieved or very sorrowful; peripeirō (G4044), to pierce through; peri (G4012), about. Deriv.: per (G4007), very, wholly, ever. Syn.: hōsei (G5616), about; perix (G4038), around; heneka (G1752), on account of; dia (G1223), for, because of; huper (G5228), on behalf of, over, above; kata (G2596), against; anti (G473), in opposition to; pros (G4314), concerning. Ant.: epi (G1909), upon; akribōs (G199), exactly; en (G1722) on, in; eis (G1519), in, unto.    Zodhiates, Spiros [7]

Appendix / Bibliography

[1] Newman, Barclay M. A Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament. Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 1993.

 WORDsearch CROSS e-book.

[2] Strong, J. (1996). The New Strong’s Dictionary of Hebrew and Greek Words. Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

[3] Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Vol. 2, p. 245). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson.

[4] Zodhiates, Spiros, ed. – The Complete Word Study Dictionary  New Testament Chattanooga, TN: AMG, 1991. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.

[5] Newman, Barclay M. A Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament. Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 1993.

 WORDsearch CROSS e-book.

[6] Strong, J. (1996). The New Strong’s Dictionary of Hebrew and Greek Words. Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

[7] Zodhiates, Spiros, ed. – The Complete Word Study Dictionary  New Testament Chattanooga, TN: AMG, 1991. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.

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